The unknown object problem in a sea with sloping bottom

This article considers the acoustic unknown object problem for a shallow ocean with a sloping seabed. The incident waves are sent from point sources along a s raight line parallel to the sea surface, and the corresponding scattered fields are measured from a line above the unknown object. We prove a uniqueness theorem for the inverse problem,and describe a generalizeddual space indicator method for numerical solution.Numerical results are given in Section 4.     

An electromagnetic parameters extraction method for metamaterials based on phase unwrapping technique

Abstract

A new method of extracting effective permittivity and permeability of metamaterials has been developed in this paper. Scattering parameters are used to represent effective wave impedance and refractive index of the metamaterials. Considering analytical continuation of effective refractive index of the metamaterials in the upper half of a complex angular frequency plane, a phase unwrapping technique has been implemented to solve branch ambiguity of the refractive index caused by complex inverse cosine function. An empirical formula to estimate the starting frequency in the phase unwrapping technique has been developed to improve the efficiency of the parameter retrieval procedure. Numerical results including five slabs of rods and split-ring resonators (SRRs) and a structure composed of two SRRs and four capacitively loaded strips are given to demonstrate good accuracy, high efficiency, and noise insensitivity of the proposed retrieval method.     

Testing of a scintillator and fibre optic based radiation sensor

We describe the optimisation of RadLine^®; a small, real time, remotely operated radiation detector, which consists of an inorganic scintillation crystal coupled to a fibre optic cable transporting produced photons to a CCD camera some distance away. RadLine^® is tested in a beta and gamma narrow radiation field of 2.4 GBq, from a Caesium-137 (662 KeV) source, at doses rates between 0.125 mSvhr⁻¹ and 10 mSvhr⁻¹. Our results establish that the lower limit of the device corresponds to a dose rate of 0.2 mSvhr⁻¹, constrained by the signal to noise ratio of the instrument. We also demonstrate the process of characterising the RadLine^® for utilisation underwater due to its partial electrical inactiveness; and to consider how the instrument might perform in aquatic environments and ultimately in a First Generation Magnox Storage Ponds (FGMSP). The RadLine^® brings a marked difference to actual underwater radiation monitoring devices such as; HPGe, CZT and GM detectors, which not only incorporate the whole electronics within and are more bulky, only perform over a short range. The RadLine^®’s design offers signification value for intermediate (>100 m) and long range detection.     

Theoretical investigation of an acoustic wave in molecular magnets via electromagnetically induced transparency

Using the Schrödinger-Maxwell equations, we theoretically investigate the propagation properties of a transverse acoustic wave in a crystal of molecular magnets in the presence of two strong ac resonant magnetic fields and a weak acoustic wave. The acoustic wave can freely propagate in the magnetic molecule medium (under appropriate conditions) due to quantum interference. Furthermore, using the slowly varying envelope approximation, we discuss the propagation equation of the acoustic wave, which includes the high order nonlinear term. The results show that a crystal of molecular magnets can support the propagation of acoustic wave solitons via electromagnetically induced transparency. We also obtain the analytical expressions for the phase shift and absorption coefficient of the acoustic wave within certain parameters.     

Acoustic radiation force on a sphere in standing and quasi-standing zero-order Bessel beam tweezers

Starting from the exact acoustic scattering from a sphere immersed in an ideal fluid and centered along the propagation axis of a standing or quasi-standing zero-order Bessel beam, explicit partial-wave representations for the radiation force are derived. A standing or a quasi-standing acoustic field is the result of propagating two equal or unequal amplitude zero-order Bessel beams, respectively, along the same axis but in opposite sense. The Bessel beam is characterized by the half-cone angle β of its plane wave components, such that β = 0 represents a plane wave. It is assumed here that the half-cone angle β for each of the counter-propagating acoustic Bessel beams is equal. Fluid, elastic and viscoelastic spheres immersed in water are treated as examples. Results indicate the capability of manipulating spherical targets based on their mechanical and acoustical properties. This condition provides an impetus for further designing acoustic tweezers operating with standing or quasi-standing Bessel acoustic waves. Potential applications include particle manipulation in micro-fluidic lab-on-chips as well as in reduced gravity environments.     

水声时变线谱建模与双稳态随机共振分析

建立了水声时变线谱的模型,将双稳态随机共振系统应用于水声时变线谱信号的检测,考查了随机共振系统对水声环境的适应能力,提出了设计水声线谱检测系统可以利用的外在参数。在信噪比变化、声压起伏、线谱漂移等情况下,仿真结果表明双稳态随机共振系统都能较好地工作。为水声领域新型线谱检测系统的设计提供了依据。     

二维扫描式水下电视系统的设计与实现

提出了一种新型的二维扫描式水下电视系统.该系统可以进行水平360°,垂直90°全方位扫描,不存在死角.在船上或岸上使用水下控制系统,可以对系统实施远程控制,通过该系统可以对水中运动目标进行跟踪监视,最大工作深度可达水下100 m.     

Generating Artificial Reverberation via Genetic Algorithms for Real-Time Applications

We introduce a Virtual Studio Technology (VST) 2 audio effect plugin that performs convolution reverb using synthetic Room Impulse Responses (RIRs) generated via a Genetic Algorithm (GA). The parameters of the plugin include some of those defined under the ISO 3382-1 standard (e.g., reverberation time, early decay time, and clarity), which are used to determine the fitness values of potential RIRs so that the user has some control over the shape of the resulting RIRs. In the GA, these RIRs are initially generated via a custom Gaussian noise method, and then evolve via truncation selection, random weighted average crossover, and mutation via Gaussian multiplication in order to produce RIRs that resemble real-world, recorded ones. Binaural Room Impulse Responses (BRIRs) can also be generated by assigning two different RIRs to the left and right stereo channels. With the proposed audio effect, new RIRs that represent virtual rooms, some of which may even be impossible to replicate in the physical world, can be generated and stored. Objective evaluation of the GA shows that contradictory combinations of parameter values will produce RIRs with low fitness. Additionally, through subjective evaluation, it was determined that RIRs generated by the GA were still perceptually distinguishable from similar real-world RIRs, but the perceptual differences were reduced when longer execution times were used for generating the RIRs or the unprocessed audio signals were comprised of only speech.     

Design optimization of a Class VII Flextensional Transducer

Class VII Flextensional Transducers (FTs) have been proposed as a means of overcoming the limitation of very high prestress in Class IV FTs. These transducers are made from shells shaped like dog bone and hence are also known as dog-bone shell transducers. In this work, we report design optimization of a low frequency aluminum shell Class VII FT, resonating at 2.5 kHz, using piezoelectric drive. Two and three dimensional Finite Element Modeling (FEM), with the help of a commercially available package ATILA have been used for the design optimization. Dimensional details of the base model have been adapted from previous literature. Parametric analyses have been done with respect to various aspects like type of rubber, shell height, shell material, etc. in order to optimize the design. Experimental results obtained from an initial prototype are also presented. The results match fairly well with the predicted values.